CHILDBIRTH & ANESTHESIA

Printer Friendly

THE ANESTHESIOLOGIST'S ROLE IN LABOR AND DELIVERY

Childbirth  

The anesthesiologist's goals, when consulted to participate in the care of women in labor, are very much the same as those of her Obstetrical Care Provider:
 

• To facilitate comfort during a natural but typically painful process
• To do so in a way that minimizes risk to both the mother and her soon-to-be-born baby
 

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has suggested that: "Labor results in severe pain for many women. There is no other circumstance where it is considered acceptable for a person to experience severe pain, amenable to safe intervention, while under a physician's care." Anesthesiologists endorse this belief and, as specialists in the management of acute pain, view labor pain relief as a professional duty and responsibility.
 
There are many opinions about how to best facilitate comfort in a laboring woman. However, it is the woman, herself, who decides which method is best for her. Usually a pregnant woman will already have a plan for coping with pain before labor begins, and an informed approach is to be encouraged. It is very clear, however, that no two labors are identical, and that the subjective experience of pain can be difficult to anticipate. For example, a woman may find labor pain to exceed her expectations. Sometimes this woman may have planned a "natural birth" (without any medical intervention for pain) and, unfortunately, may feel that it is somehow a "failure" should she decide to use one of the medical alternatives for alleviating discomfort and anxiety.
 
Less commonly, labor pain is experienced as less than expected so that a woman might decide that an original plan for medical pain intervention is not needed or wanted. Accordingly, anesthesiologists advise flexibility in the pain management aspect of labor plans.
 
Modern anesthesiology and obstetrics have numerous effective methods that allow a woman to have choices regarding labor pain management. These choices include:
 

• Breathing exercises and relaxation techniques
• Intravenous pain medications
• Local nerve or field blocks
• Regional techniques (epidural or spinal anesthesia)
 

The anesthesiologist can assist a woman and her obstetrical care provider in making individualized choices about pain management. More importantly, the anesthesiologist has the skills, working as a team with obstetrical care providers, to assure both safety and comfort for mother and baby.